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WikiLeaks
Press release About PlusD
 
UNESCO 19TH GENERAL CONFERENCE: JAMAICANS ON MASS MEDIA
1976 October 28, 12:55 (Thursday)
1976KINGST04657_b
CONFIDENTIAL
UNCLASSIFIED
-- N/A or Blank --

5640
GS
TEXT ON MICROFILM,TEXT ONLINE
-- N/A or Blank --
TE - Telegram (cable)
-- N/A or Blank --

ACTION IO - Bureau of International Organization Affairs
Electronic Telegrams
Margaret P. Grafeld Declassified/Released US Department of State EO Systematic Review 04 MAY 2006


Content
Show Headers
1. HOWEVER UNSYMPATHETIC JAMAICAN GOVERNMENT MAY PROVE TO BE REGARDING THE DRAFT DECLARATION ON MASS MEDIA (REFTEL), THERE IS ONE JAMAICAN -- HECTOR WYNTER, EXECUTIVE EDITOR OF "THE GLEANER" AND CHAIRMAN OF UNESCO'S EXECUTIVE BOARD -- WHO SEES THE ISSUE INSOFAR AS IT TOUCHES ON PRESS FREEDOM IN SOMEWHAT MORE HELPFUL TERMS. 2. WYNTER WROTE A SIGNED ARTICLE WHICH APPEARED IN "THE GLEANER" ON OCTOBTER 23 IN WHICH, WHILE DEFENDING THE DRAFT DECLARATION, HE URGED THAT ARTICLE XII BE AMENDED IF NEED BE; WE ASSUME THAT SUCH AMENDMENT COULD INCLUDE DELETION. WYNTER'S ARTICLES FOLLOWED SHORTLY AFTER A SPATE OF REPORTS CARRIED BY "THE GLEANER" CONCERNING THE WILLIAMSBURG MEETING OF THE INTER-AMERICAN PRESS ASSOCIATION AND APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN IN PARTIAL RESPONSE TO THE ATTACKS ON UNESCO AT THAT MEETING BY THOSE WHO SEE THE ORGANIZATION AS A THREAT TO FREEDOM OF THE PRESS. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 02 KINGST 04657 281335Z 3. IN HIS ARTICLES, WHICH APPEARED ON THE EDITORIAL PAGE OF "THE GLEANER", WYNTER CONTENDED THAT "UNESCO IS NOT ITSELF AN ENTITY APART FROM ITS MEMBER STATES ... (BUT) THE SUM TOTAL OF ITS MEMBERS". WHILE ACKNOWLEDGING THAT IAPA "IS JUSTIFIABLY VERY SENSITIVE ABOUT THE EROSION OF PRESS LIBERTIES BECAUSE IT IS A FACT THAT IN THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN AREA THE BATTLE FOR PRESS FREEDOM IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY MORE DIFFICULT..." WHYNTER CONTINUED, "IT WAS THEREFORE PROPER FOR THE IAPA TO EXPRESS CONCERN OVER SOME OF THE VIEWS OF SOME GOVERNMENT EXPERTS WHO ATTENDED A UNESCO MEETING OF EXPERTS IN ECUADOR IN 1975. BUT IS IS REGRETTED THAT SOME IAPA MEMBERS CONDUCTED SUCH A BITTER CAMPAIGN AGAINST UNESCO BEFORE THE JULY 1976 MEETING OF LATIN AMERICAN GOVERNMENTS IN COSTA RICA TO CONSIDER COMMUNICATION POLICIES. FORTUNATELY ... THE EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE WAS DEFUSED ... AND THE MEETING IN SAN JOSE CONFOUNDED ITS CRITICS BY THE COMMON-SENSE NATURE OF ITS RECOMMENDATIONS." 4. AMONG THESE WAS ONE, WYNTER OBSERVED, WHICH URGED THAT "WHILE EMPHASIZING THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE MEDIA, MEMBER STATES SHOULD BEAR IN MIND THAT DESPITE THE PLURALISTIC POLITICAL STRUCTURES OF THE PARTICIPATING STATES, THEY WOULD HAVE AS AN OBJECTIVE THE PROTECTION OF THE FREE OPERATION OF COMMUNICATION MEDIA AND ALL OTHER VEHICLES OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HUMAN BEINGS." 5. WYNTER VOICED THE PRINCIPAL CONCERN OF THIRD-WORLD COUNTRIES WHEN HE OBSERVED: "THE CONFERENCE WAS UNDERSTAN- DABLY CONCERNED THAT THE FREE FLOW OF IDEAS BY WORD AND IMAGE APPEARED TO BE A ONE-SIDED FLOW (FROM THE DEVELOPED TO THE DEVELOPING) AND THAT HENCE MUTUAL KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF PEOPLES WAS NOT BEING ADVANCED. THUS, THE CONFERENCE PROPOSED THAT TO ACHIEVE BALANCE MEMBER STATES SHOULD CREATE EFFECTIVE MACHINERY FOR THIS PURPOSE. BUT THIS MACHINERY WOULD SUPPLEMENT EXISTING AGENCIES NOT REPLACE THEM". 6. NOTING THAT THE DRAFT DECLARATION PROPOSED FOR CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 03 KINGST 04657 281335Z NAIROBI "HAS AROUSED GREAT APPREHENSION IN IAPA AND IN THE WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES", WHYNTER BRIEFLY REVIEWED THE HISTORY OF ITS DEVELOPMENT SINCE 1972 INCLUDING THE "WALK-OUT OF 14 MEMBER STATES" IN DECEMBER 1975 WHEN THE AMENDMENT EQUATING ZIONISM WITH RACISM WAS ATTACHED. THE MAJOR CONCERN, HE STATED, IS WITH ARTICLE XII WHICH SAYS "STATES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACTIVITIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPHERE OF ALL MASS MEDIA UNDER THEIR JURISDICTION". (EMPHASIS HIS) "THE TWIN CONCEPTS OF STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR MEDIA, AND THAT OF 'UNDER THEIR JURISDICTION' ARE INIMICAL TO THE CONCEPT OF PRESS FREEDOM IN SEVERAL COUNTRIES -- ESPECIALLY THE WEST. BUT THEIR SEEMS LITTLE TO OBJECT TO IN THE OTHER TWELVE ARTICLES..." 7. THE ARTICLE CONCLUDED WITH WYNTER OFFERING THE FOLLOWING FORMULA FOR COMPROMISE: "I BELIEVE THAT IT IS POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN THE REQUIRED AMENDMENTS BY NEGOTIATION, DISCUSSION AND CONSENSUS BUT MUCH DEPENDS ON THE METHODS AND THE GOODWILL OF THOSE SEEKING AMENDMENTS. ATTEMPTS TO REJECT THE WHOLE DECLARATION WILL HAVE LITTLE CHANCE OF SUCCESS AS THEY WOULD BE ASKING THE MAJORITY OF MEMBER STATES TO REVERSE THEMSELVES ON A FUNDAMENTAL MATTER INVOLVING THE FIGHT AGAINST WAR, RACIAL DIS- CRIMINATION, AND APARTHEID. BUT THOSE WHO BELIEVE ANY CLAUSE WILL IMPAIR THE FREE OPERATION OF THE MEDIA IN THEIR COUNTRIES CAN AND MUST SEEK AMENDMENTS FOR THE ESSENCE OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION IS THE WILLINGNESS TO RESPECT THE PRINCIPLES OF OTHERS WHILE BELIEVING IN YOURS... "IT IS TO BE HOPED THAT CLAUSE 9 OF THE PREAMBLE DEALING WITH THE PRESS FREEDOM CAN FIND REFLECTION IN THE ARTICLES, AND THAT THOSE WHO VOTED AT THE UN THAT ZIONISM IS TO BE EQUATED WITH RACISM WILL UNDERSTAND THE STRENGTH OF FEELING OF THERS WHO VOTED AGAINST AND THE APPREHENSIONS OF THOSE WHO ABSTAINED, AND THUS ACCEPT THE VIEW THAT REFERENCES TO UN'S POLITICAL DECISIONS HAVE NO PLACE REALLY IN UNESCO'S OWN DECLARATION". 8. ON OCTOBER 24, FOLLOWING A BRIEF INTRODUCTION BY WYNTER, "THE DAILY GLEANER" PUBLISHED THE FULL TEXT OF THE PROPOSED UNESCO DECLARATION WITHOUT FURTHER COMMENT. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 KINGST 04657 281335Z DORRANCE CONFIDENTIAL NNN

Raw content
CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 KINGST 04657 281335Z 61 ACTION IO-13 INFO OCT-01 AF-08 ARA-06 ISO-00 CIAE-00 CU-02 INR-07 NSAE-00 USIA-06 OIC-02 L-03 /048 W --------------------- 118621 R 281255Z OCT 76 FM AMEMBASSY KINGSTON TO SECSTATE WASHDC 2909 INFO AMEMBASSY NAIROBI C O N F I D E N T I A L KINGSTON 4657 DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS TO USIA FOR IOP/M E.O. 11652: GDS TAGS: UNESCO, JM SUBJECT: UNESCO 19TH GENERAL CONFERENCE: JAMAICANS ON MASS MEDIA REFERENCE: KINGSTON 4656 1. HOWEVER UNSYMPATHETIC JAMAICAN GOVERNMENT MAY PROVE TO BE REGARDING THE DRAFT DECLARATION ON MASS MEDIA (REFTEL), THERE IS ONE JAMAICAN -- HECTOR WYNTER, EXECUTIVE EDITOR OF "THE GLEANER" AND CHAIRMAN OF UNESCO'S EXECUTIVE BOARD -- WHO SEES THE ISSUE INSOFAR AS IT TOUCHES ON PRESS FREEDOM IN SOMEWHAT MORE HELPFUL TERMS. 2. WYNTER WROTE A SIGNED ARTICLE WHICH APPEARED IN "THE GLEANER" ON OCTOBTER 23 IN WHICH, WHILE DEFENDING THE DRAFT DECLARATION, HE URGED THAT ARTICLE XII BE AMENDED IF NEED BE; WE ASSUME THAT SUCH AMENDMENT COULD INCLUDE DELETION. WYNTER'S ARTICLES FOLLOWED SHORTLY AFTER A SPATE OF REPORTS CARRIED BY "THE GLEANER" CONCERNING THE WILLIAMSBURG MEETING OF THE INTER-AMERICAN PRESS ASSOCIATION AND APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN IN PARTIAL RESPONSE TO THE ATTACKS ON UNESCO AT THAT MEETING BY THOSE WHO SEE THE ORGANIZATION AS A THREAT TO FREEDOM OF THE PRESS. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 02 KINGST 04657 281335Z 3. IN HIS ARTICLES, WHICH APPEARED ON THE EDITORIAL PAGE OF "THE GLEANER", WYNTER CONTENDED THAT "UNESCO IS NOT ITSELF AN ENTITY APART FROM ITS MEMBER STATES ... (BUT) THE SUM TOTAL OF ITS MEMBERS". WHILE ACKNOWLEDGING THAT IAPA "IS JUSTIFIABLY VERY SENSITIVE ABOUT THE EROSION OF PRESS LIBERTIES BECAUSE IT IS A FACT THAT IN THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN AREA THE BATTLE FOR PRESS FREEDOM IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY MORE DIFFICULT..." WHYNTER CONTINUED, "IT WAS THEREFORE PROPER FOR THE IAPA TO EXPRESS CONCERN OVER SOME OF THE VIEWS OF SOME GOVERNMENT EXPERTS WHO ATTENDED A UNESCO MEETING OF EXPERTS IN ECUADOR IN 1975. BUT IS IS REGRETTED THAT SOME IAPA MEMBERS CONDUCTED SUCH A BITTER CAMPAIGN AGAINST UNESCO BEFORE THE JULY 1976 MEETING OF LATIN AMERICAN GOVERNMENTS IN COSTA RICA TO CONSIDER COMMUNICATION POLICIES. FORTUNATELY ... THE EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE WAS DEFUSED ... AND THE MEETING IN SAN JOSE CONFOUNDED ITS CRITICS BY THE COMMON-SENSE NATURE OF ITS RECOMMENDATIONS." 4. AMONG THESE WAS ONE, WYNTER OBSERVED, WHICH URGED THAT "WHILE EMPHASIZING THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE MEDIA, MEMBER STATES SHOULD BEAR IN MIND THAT DESPITE THE PLURALISTIC POLITICAL STRUCTURES OF THE PARTICIPATING STATES, THEY WOULD HAVE AS AN OBJECTIVE THE PROTECTION OF THE FREE OPERATION OF COMMUNICATION MEDIA AND ALL OTHER VEHICLES OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HUMAN BEINGS." 5. WYNTER VOICED THE PRINCIPAL CONCERN OF THIRD-WORLD COUNTRIES WHEN HE OBSERVED: "THE CONFERENCE WAS UNDERSTAN- DABLY CONCERNED THAT THE FREE FLOW OF IDEAS BY WORD AND IMAGE APPEARED TO BE A ONE-SIDED FLOW (FROM THE DEVELOPED TO THE DEVELOPING) AND THAT HENCE MUTUAL KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF PEOPLES WAS NOT BEING ADVANCED. THUS, THE CONFERENCE PROPOSED THAT TO ACHIEVE BALANCE MEMBER STATES SHOULD CREATE EFFECTIVE MACHINERY FOR THIS PURPOSE. BUT THIS MACHINERY WOULD SUPPLEMENT EXISTING AGENCIES NOT REPLACE THEM". 6. NOTING THAT THE DRAFT DECLARATION PROPOSED FOR CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 03 KINGST 04657 281335Z NAIROBI "HAS AROUSED GREAT APPREHENSION IN IAPA AND IN THE WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES", WHYNTER BRIEFLY REVIEWED THE HISTORY OF ITS DEVELOPMENT SINCE 1972 INCLUDING THE "WALK-OUT OF 14 MEMBER STATES" IN DECEMBER 1975 WHEN THE AMENDMENT EQUATING ZIONISM WITH RACISM WAS ATTACHED. THE MAJOR CONCERN, HE STATED, IS WITH ARTICLE XII WHICH SAYS "STATES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACTIVITIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPHERE OF ALL MASS MEDIA UNDER THEIR JURISDICTION". (EMPHASIS HIS) "THE TWIN CONCEPTS OF STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR MEDIA, AND THAT OF 'UNDER THEIR JURISDICTION' ARE INIMICAL TO THE CONCEPT OF PRESS FREEDOM IN SEVERAL COUNTRIES -- ESPECIALLY THE WEST. BUT THEIR SEEMS LITTLE TO OBJECT TO IN THE OTHER TWELVE ARTICLES..." 7. THE ARTICLE CONCLUDED WITH WYNTER OFFERING THE FOLLOWING FORMULA FOR COMPROMISE: "I BELIEVE THAT IT IS POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN THE REQUIRED AMENDMENTS BY NEGOTIATION, DISCUSSION AND CONSENSUS BUT MUCH DEPENDS ON THE METHODS AND THE GOODWILL OF THOSE SEEKING AMENDMENTS. ATTEMPTS TO REJECT THE WHOLE DECLARATION WILL HAVE LITTLE CHANCE OF SUCCESS AS THEY WOULD BE ASKING THE MAJORITY OF MEMBER STATES TO REVERSE THEMSELVES ON A FUNDAMENTAL MATTER INVOLVING THE FIGHT AGAINST WAR, RACIAL DIS- CRIMINATION, AND APARTHEID. BUT THOSE WHO BELIEVE ANY CLAUSE WILL IMPAIR THE FREE OPERATION OF THE MEDIA IN THEIR COUNTRIES CAN AND MUST SEEK AMENDMENTS FOR THE ESSENCE OF INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION IS THE WILLINGNESS TO RESPECT THE PRINCIPLES OF OTHERS WHILE BELIEVING IN YOURS... "IT IS TO BE HOPED THAT CLAUSE 9 OF THE PREAMBLE DEALING WITH THE PRESS FREEDOM CAN FIND REFLECTION IN THE ARTICLES, AND THAT THOSE WHO VOTED AT THE UN THAT ZIONISM IS TO BE EQUATED WITH RACISM WILL UNDERSTAND THE STRENGTH OF FEELING OF THERS WHO VOTED AGAINST AND THE APPREHENSIONS OF THOSE WHO ABSTAINED, AND THUS ACCEPT THE VIEW THAT REFERENCES TO UN'S POLITICAL DECISIONS HAVE NO PLACE REALLY IN UNESCO'S OWN DECLARATION". 8. ON OCTOBER 24, FOLLOWING A BRIEF INTRODUCTION BY WYNTER, "THE DAILY GLEANER" PUBLISHED THE FULL TEXT OF THE PROPOSED UNESCO DECLARATION WITHOUT FURTHER COMMENT. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 KINGST 04657 281335Z DORRANCE CONFIDENTIAL NNN
Metadata
--- Capture Date: 01 JAN 1994 Channel Indicators: n/a Current Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Concepts: INFORMATION MEDIA, PRESS COMMENTS, RESOLUTIONS, FOREIGN POLICY POSITION Control Number: n/a Copy: SINGLE Draft Date: 28 OCT 1976 Decaption Date: 01 JAN 1960 Decaption Note: n/a Disposition Action: RELEASED Disposition Approved on Date: n/a Disposition Authority: BoyleJA Disposition Case Number: n/a Disposition Comment: 25 YEAR REVIEW Disposition Date: 28 MAY 2004 Disposition Event: n/a Disposition History: n/a Disposition Reason: n/a Disposition Remarks: n/a Document Number: 1976KINGST04657 Document Source: CORE Document Unique ID: '00' Drafter: n/a Enclosure: n/a Executive Order: GS Errors: N/A Film Number: D760403-0125 From: KINGSTON Handling Restrictions: n/a Image Path: n/a ISecure: '1' Legacy Key: link1976/newtext/t1976107/aaaaaflx.tel Line Count: '155' Locator: TEXT ON-LINE, ON MICROFILM Office: ACTION IO Original Classification: CONFIDENTIAL Original Handling Restrictions: n/a Original Previous Classification: n/a Original Previous Handling Restrictions: n/a Page Count: '3' Previous Channel Indicators: n/a Previous Classification: CONFIDENTIAL Previous Handling Restrictions: n/a Reference: 76 KINGSTON 4656 Review Action: RELEASED, APPROVED Review Authority: BoyleJA Review Comment: n/a Review Content Flags: n/a Review Date: 20 JUL 2004 Review Event: n/a Review Exemptions: n/a Review History: RELEASED <20 JUL 2004 by ShawDG>; APPROVED <16 AUG 2004 by BoyleJA> Review Markings: ! 'n/a Margaret P. Grafeld US Department of State EO Systematic Review 04 MAY 2006 ' Review Media Identifier: n/a Review Referrals: n/a Review Release Date: n/a Review Release Event: n/a Review Transfer Date: n/a Review Withdrawn Fields: n/a Secure: OPEN Status: NATIVE Subject: ! 'UNESCO 19TH GENERAL CONFERENCE: JAMAICANS ON MASS MEDIA' TAGS: PFOR, SOPN, JM, UNESCO, (WYNTER, HECTOR) To: STATE Type: TE Markings: ! 'Margaret P. Grafeld Declassified/Released US Department of State EO Systematic Review 04 MAY 2006 Margaret P. Grafeld Declassified/Released US Department of State EO Systematic Review 04 MAY 2006'
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